{"id":21878,"date":"2009-06-14T15:13:50","date_gmt":"2009-06-14T13:13:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/?p=21878"},"modified":"2012-10-23T10:31:31","modified_gmt":"2012-10-23T08:31:31","slug":"primari-di-un-display-monitor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/?p=21878","title":{"rendered":"Primari di un display monitor"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>I tre colori primari di un monitor RGB sono i colori <strong>rosso<\/strong> = 255R 0G 0B, \u00a0<strong>verde<\/strong> = 0R 255G 0B, <strong>blu<\/strong> = 0R 0G 255B. Ogni monitor ha primari diversi dei quali si pu\u00f2 misurare lo spettro di emissione e calcolare la colorimetria. Per esempio il monitor LCD che sto usando adesso (Apple Cinema HD) ha i seguenti spettri per i tre primari:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/Rosso.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-21880\" style=\"border: 0px none;\" title=\"Rosso\" src=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/Rosso.jpg?resize=491%2C191\" alt=\"\" width=\"491\" height=\"191\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/Rosso.jpg?w=1024 1024w, https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/Rosso.jpg?w=300 300w, https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/Rosso.jpg?w=2000 2000w, https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/Rosso.jpg?w=3000 3000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 491px) 100vw, 491px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-21881\" style=\"border: 0px none;\" title=\"Verde\" src=\"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/Verde.jpg?resize=491%2C191\" alt=\"\" width=\"491\" height=\"191\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/Verde.jpg?w=1024 1024w, https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/Verde.jpg?w=300 300w, https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/Verde.jpg?w=2000 2000w, https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/Verde.jpg?w=3000 3000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 491px) 100vw, 491px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-21882\" style=\"border: 0px none;\" title=\"Blu\" src=\"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/Blu.jpg?resize=491%2C191\" alt=\"\" width=\"491\" height=\"191\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/Blu.jpg?w=1024 1024w, https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/Blu.jpg?w=300 300w, https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/Blu.jpg?w=2000 2000w, https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/Blu.jpg?w=3000 3000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 491px) 100vw, 491px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/p>\n<p>In ascissa c&#8217;\u00e8 la<strong> lunghezza d&#8217;onda<\/strong>\u00a0in nanometri (nm, il mio spettrofotometro misura da 380 a 730 nm) e in ordinata la <strong>radianza<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>spettrale<\/strong> in watt per metro quadrato e per steradiante W \/ (m<sup>2<\/sup> sr). Le misure sono state eseguite con uno spettrofotometro X-Rite i1Pro 2.<\/p>\n<p>Messi assieme e in scala il grafico \u00e8 questo, dove si vede che la massima radianza spettrale viene dal verde e poi di seguito dal rosso e dal blu.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-21883\" style=\"border: 0px none;\" title=\"Primari\" src=\"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/Primari.jpg?resize=491%2C191\" alt=\"\" width=\"491\" height=\"191\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/Primari.jpg?w=1024 1024w, https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/Primari.jpg?w=300 300w, https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/Primari.jpg?w=2000 2000w, https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/Primari.jpg?w=3000 3000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 491px) 100vw, 491px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Verifica di additivit\u00e0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Gli spettri dei tre primari sommati dovrebbero dare lo spettro del bianco, se il monitor segue le leggi della mescolanza additiva, come dovrebbe. Questa \u00e8 la <strong>somma dei tre spettri<\/strong> dei tre primari (ho arrotondato gli spigoli con una interpolazione):<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-21885\" style=\"border: 0px none;\" title=\"RGB\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/RGB.jpg?resize=491%2C191\" alt=\"\" width=\"491\" height=\"191\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/RGB.jpg?w=1024 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/RGB.jpg?w=300 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/RGB.jpg?w=2000 2000w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/RGB.jpg?w=3000 3000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 491px) 100vw, 491px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/p>\n<p>e questo \u00e8 lo spettro del <strong>bianco<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-21886\" style=\"border: 0px none;\" title=\"Bianco\" src=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/Bianco.jpg?resize=491%2C191\" alt=\"\" width=\"491\" height=\"191\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/Bianco.jpg?w=1024 1024w, https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/Bianco.jpg?w=300 300w, https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/Bianco.jpg?w=2000 2000w, https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/Bianco.jpg?w=3000 3000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 491px) 100vw, 491px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/p>\n<p>I due spettri sono uguali, dunque il monitor \u00e8 additivo, come ci si deve sempre aspettare da un monitor RGB.\u00a0Nello spettro del bianco si riscontrano le tipiche caratteristiche della retroilluminazione con lampade fluorescenti. La radianza spettrale di picco del bianco \u00e8 0.0069 W \/ (mq sr).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Colorimetria<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Dagli spettri dei primari e del bianco si pu\u00f2 calcolare<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>la radianza per ognuno di essi<\/li>\n<li>la luminanza per ognuno di essi<\/li>\n<li>i valori di tristimolo XYZ<\/li>\n<li>la cromaticit\u00e0 xy<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div>Ecco la tabella riassuntiva:<\/div>\n<p><strong>\n<table id=\"tablepress-7\" class=\"tablepress tablepress-id-7\">\n<thead>\n<tr class=\"row-1 odd\">\n\t<th class=\"column-1\">&nbsp;<\/th><th class=\"column-2\">Radianza W \/ (mq sr)<\/th><th class=\"column-3\">Luminanza (cd \/ mq)<\/th><th class=\"column-4\">X<\/th><th class=\"column-5\">Y (luminanza)<\/th><th class=\"column-6\">Z<\/th><th class=\"column-7\">x<\/th><th class=\"column-8\">y<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"row-2 even\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Rosso<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">0.015<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">42<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">78.01<\/td><td class=\"column-5\">42.33<\/td><td class=\"column-6\">1.42<\/td><td class=\"column-7\">.6407<\/td><td class=\"column-8\">.3477<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-3 odd\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Verde<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">0.022<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">116<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">55.18<\/td><td class=\"column-5\">116.03<\/td><td class=\"column-6\">16.33<\/td><td class=\"column-7\">.2942<\/td><td class=\"column-8\">.6187<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-4 even\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Blu<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">0.020<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">18<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">31.23<\/td><td class=\"column-5\">17.84<\/td><td class=\"column-6\">164.18<\/td><td class=\"column-7\">.1465<\/td><td class=\"column-8\">.0837<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-5 odd\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Bianco<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">0.056<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">175<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">164.31<\/td><td class=\"column-5\">175.07<\/td><td class=\"column-6\">182.09<\/td><td class=\"column-7\">.3151<\/td><td class=\"column-8\">.3357<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<!-- #tablepress-7 from cache --><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ecco i tre primari e il bianco nel diagramma delle cromaticit\u00e0, uniti da una linea:<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-21894\" style=\"border: 0px none;\" title=\"Diagramma delle cromaticit\u00e0\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/2d.jpg?resize=491%2C491\" alt=\"\" width=\"491\" height=\"491\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/2d.jpg?w=1024 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/2d.jpg?w=150 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/2d.jpg?w=300 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/2d.jpg?w=2000 2000w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/2d.jpg?w=3000 3000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 491px) 100vw, 491px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Costanza cromatica dei primari<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Affinch\u00e9 il monitor possa essere modellato con uno spazio vettoriale, le cromaticit\u00e0 dei primari devono essere costanti al variare della luminanza.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>I tre colori primari di un monitor RGB sono i colori rosso = 255R 0G 0B, \u00a0verde = 0R 255G 0B, blu = 0R 0G 255B. Ogni monitor ha primari diversi dei quali si pu\u00f2 misurare lo spettro di emissione e calcolare la colorimetria. Per esempio il monitor LCD che sto usando adesso (Apple Cinema [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false},"categories":[1026,301],"tags":[33,124,131],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pjoVH-5GS","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21878"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=21878"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"http:\/\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21878\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":21891,"href":"http:\/\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21878\/revisions\/21891"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=21878"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=21878"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.boscarol.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=21878"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}